Air Flight 992 is a scheduled domestic commercial passenger flight from Abuja to Lagos, Nigeria. On Sunday, June 3, 2012, the McDonnell Douglas MD-83 aircraft on a flight crashed into a furniture and print shop in the Iju-Ishaga neighborhood of Lagos. The accident resulted in the death of all 153 people in it and 10 others on the ground. Flight Accident 992 is the deadliest aviation disaster involving McDonnell Douglas MD-83, as well as the second most deadly involving MD-80 series aircraft, behind Aviopromet Inex-Adria Flight 1308. It is also the second deadliest plane crash in Nigeria soil rear of the 1973 Canoe disaster.
Video Dana Air Flight 992
Aircraft
The aircraft is a double-engined McDonnell Douglas MD-83, registered in Nigeria as 5N-RAM, built in 1990 and used by Alaska Airlines until 2007. The aircraft was sold to another airline before it was acquired by Dana Air in February 2009. The airframe has accumulated more from 60,800 hours of total flight time since new. The aircraft engine has more than 55,300 and 26,000 hours of total flight time before the accident. The last treatment on the plane was made on June 1, 2012, two days before the accident.
Maps Dana Air Flight 992
Accident
Flight 992 departs Abuja at 14:58 local time and cleared to flight level 260. At this point, the flight is still normal.
17 minutes after takeoff from Abuja, Flight 992 crew saw a malfunction on the left side of the machine and began to discuss the problem. The captain later stated that "we just want to go home". The First Officer then asked the Captain whether he should call the Engineer to analyze the problem, but the Captain refused. The captain stated that he and the First Officer could search for the cause of the problem itself, and stated that the Engineer's assistance was not needed.
The captain asks the First Officer if one of the ground crews has damaged the panel near the rear door of the plane, and then states that "the person" has a problem and is upset about them. The flight continues to Lagos and the crew continue to discuss the problems they face. They notice that there is a difference in the EPR value of the machine. The crew also noticed that there was no response from the left engine as they advanced the throttle lever, thus concluding that the left engine did not work. The crew decided to start their decline towards Lagos. Because of failure on the left side of the machine, the crew should look at the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH) and follow the appropriate procedures, but fail to do so.
The captain then ordered the First Officer to increase flight rate 992, but the First Officer refused, stating that the gradual decline was much more effective to maintain their altitude. The crew was then cleared by Lagos to approach to Runway 18L. The crew then asked permission to approach to Runway 18R and then cleared by Lagos ATC.
At 3:31 pm local time, the crew finally stated that there was no throttle response from any of the machines. As a result, the Captain takes over the reins of the First Officer. Even though the left engine of Flight 992 did not work, the crew did not issue an emergency call. After the left engine failed, the right engine also began to fail, which was later confirmed by the crew. The crew then turned off some systems on the aircraft engines, which were anti-ice, ignition, and bloody engines. At that time, the Captain was still calm and still did not declare a state of emergency, stating "okay this is good for us so far".
At 15:35, the Captain stated that they would be investigated by the NCAA.
When the crew received some instructions from the post and radar vectors by ATC, the crew began to worry about their condition. The crew then begin their pre-landing tasks, including air brake spread and flap arrangement and blades. The engine problem becomes aggravated because encouragement is needed to continue the last approach.
The First Officer then asked the Captain whether the two machines were working, which the Captain replied, "negative". Both machines failed to produce the ordered impulse. There was never a call for both normal and non-normal/emergency checklist during flight and no indication of Reference Reference Book (QRH) consulted.
At 15:41, the crew declared a state of emergency when they were 11 miles (20 km) from the airport. and repeat the following messages until they are directed by ATC:
Dual Engine Failure, respons negatif dari throttle.
The crew then selects the cover 28. At that moment, the situation seems to be under control and the crew asks the passengers to get ready to land.
A few minutes later, "altitude" warnings were heard, and the Captain declared that he had seen the runway. Fins selected and crew chose landing gear. The captain declared that he did not want to stall the plane. The captain then concluded that "we just lost everything, we lost the engine, I lost both machines". Over the next twenty-five seconds, the Captain asks all who can help restore the thrill including "revive", "ignition override" "just anything" to give him. The crew then apply the stabilizer to prune several times as they try to avoid obstacles and buildings in front of them, but their efforts are useless. The plane loses altitude quickly and alerts are heard until the end of the recording.
MD-83 hit a crowded neighborhood near the airport, with its first tail section crashing into unfinished buildings, two trees and three other ground structures. The tail is detached from the plane, and the rest of the aircraft (front and center) hit the building. The plane then exploded, consumed by 8,000 lbs of its own fuel. Fires occur throughout the environment. The unfinished building keeps flammable liquids in preparation for use as a press hall, increasing the fire.
The scene of the accident became chaotic, with The Sun reporting that thousands of Lagos residents are trying to approach the site. The masses tried to bring the hoses to the place while the army tried to disperse the audience with rubber blows and whips. The audience then threw stones at the soldiers in retaliation. Water for firefighters is rare for several hours due to the lack of fire trucks in the city, and civilians are trying to fight fire by hand with water from plastic buckets. Water trucks deployed from nearby construction projects have difficulty reaching locations due to narrow roads.
Passengers and crew
Passenger
Flight 992 brought 147 passengers, including 15 foreigners from 9 countries. Foreigners, confirmed by AAIB Nigeria, are 4 Chinese nationals, 3 Americans, 2 Indians, and one each from Indonesia, Lebanon, Germany, France, Canada and Benin. The Nigerian press stated that the newly married couple was among the victims. Local media reported that several senior military officials were on the flight, including three military generals.
Famous passengers include:
- Alhaji Ibrahim Damcida, Deputy Secretary of the Ministry of Industry.
Crews
The captain is Peter Waxtan, a 55-year-old American with a total flight experience of 18,116 hours, with 7,466 hours at MD-83. The captain was hired by Dana Air on March 14, 2012. He began performing flight training operations under the supervision of a training captain on April 26, 2012 after completing elementary school and simulator training. He holds several ratings, including Airbus A320, McDonnell Douglas DC-9, Fokker F-27 and Saab 340.
According to documents taken by AAIB Nigeria, in 2009, the Captain was suspended by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for minor offenses relating to heavy landings and installation of panels not included in the aircraft's record books or reported. The revalidation license issued to it by the NCAA was stamped but not signed by NCAA officials. AAIB reported no documented evidence that the crew carrying out the mandatory Cockpit Resource Management training.
First Officer, Mahendra Singh Rathore, is a 34-year-old Indian with a total flying experience of 1,143 hours, with 808 hours on MD-83. He previously worked at Dana Air as Director of Cabin Service before he was hired as a pilot in January 2011.
Autopsy
An autopsy was performed on the victims by a former vice rector of Lagos State University and pathologist Prof. John Obafunwa, who claimed to have identified all the dead. AAIB Nigeria claims that all bodies are not identified; at least three bodies could not be identified by the forensics team.
Investigation
Access to the site was initially limited by fire and crowd, and then by strong winds and heavy rain. Rescuers also expressed concern that a damaged three-story apartment building might collapse at the crash site.
The Combined Senate Committee and the House of Representatives were formed by the federal government to investigate the accident.
Both the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and the flight data recorder (FDR) are restored and provided to the Nigerian Accident Investigation Bureau (AIB). Because the aircraft is American-made, the US National Transportation Safety Agency has observer status for investigation. FDR was found to have been too heavily damaged in post-collision fire to produce any information, but 31 minutes of conversation has recovered from CVR. The captain reported a machine warning light and then twin engine failures during the approach, due to landing gear and flaps lengthening.
On June 3, 2014, AIB released a second interim statement about the investigation of the accident. It states: "The investigation of the review of the engine teardown especially the fuel system is still ongoing During this process, a similar incident occurred on another MD 83 aircraft from Dana Airlines on October 6, 2013. AIB is currently investigating systematic and security issues with this second incident vis-ÃÆ'-vis sister ship crashed, 5N-RAM.The safety precautions adopted by operators to improve their findings are being monitored and analyzed. "
Cause of double engine damage
Nigerian AAIB checks the engine's second fuel system components. The investigator discloses that the fuel feed line attached to the installation is No. 5 (primary and secondary) are both cracked flushes. This fracture causes a fuel leak that explains why the engine is unresponsive even when the crew is applying the throttle.
End report
On March 13, 2017, a final 210-page report by AIB of Nigeria into the accident was released and published.
Investigation identifies the following possible causes:
1. Engine number 1 lost power seventeen minutes before flight, and after that at the last approach, Engine number 2 lost power and failed to respond to throttle movement upon request for increased power to maintain the aircraft in its flight configuration.
2. Unacceptable abandonment of the use of Checklist, and the inability of the crew to appreciate the severity of power-related problems, and their subsequent failure to land at the nearest suitable airfield.
3. Lack of situational awareness, improper decision making, and poor air work
Reaction
Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan announces three days of national mourning. He noted that the accident "sadly plunged the country into further sadness on a day when Nigerians are already in grief over the loss of many other innocent lives in the church bombing in Bauchi state". Jonathan also promised that "every possible effort" would be made to improve the safety of the nation's aviation.
Dana Air set up a 24-hour hotline for the family to call and add a message to its website, "Our thoughts and prayers with the families of the guests involved in the Water Dana crash May the souls of the dead rested in peace."
The federal government confiscated the license and also banned the type of MD-83 aircraft used by Dana Air after the accident. They also set up nine technical and administrative panels to audit all airlines operating in the country. On September 5, 2012, suspension of the Air Fund operations license was lifted, and the airline initiated the recertification and retraining process.
See also
- Air Algeme  © rie Flight 6289
- Garuda Indonesia 421 flight
- LOT Flight 7
- LOT Flight 5055
- Flight of Mandala Airlines 91
References
External links
- Accident Investigation Bureau
- "Updated report" - September 5, 2012
- archive webcitation.org with an older website structure
- "Second Interim Statement" - June 3, 2014
- archive webcitation.org with an older website structure
- Home Page Archive
- "Updated report" - September 5, 2012
- Water Fund (, Images,)
- Press Statement (()
- "Boeing's Statement on Air Fund Accidents." Boeing (Archive)
- "ASN Aircraft Accident McDonnell Douglas MD-83 5N-RAM Lagos-Murtala International Airport Lagos (LOS)")
- The Air Crash Case Study Fund
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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