Lakeland is a town in Polk County, Florida, along Interstate 4 east of Tampa. The most western town in Polk County, it is part of the Tampa Bay Area. According to US Census Bureau estimates 2013, the city has a population of 100,710. Lakeland is the main city in the Metropolitan Area Lakeland-Winter Haven (adjacent to Polk County), which has an estimated population of 623,009 in July 2013, based on data from the University of Florida Bureau of Economics and Business Research. These twins with Richmond Hill, Ontario; Imabari, Ehime, Japan; B? L? I, Moldova; Portmore, Jamaica; and Chongming County, Shanghai, China through the Lakeland chapter of Sister Cities International.
Native Americans began living in the area 12,000 years ago. European settlers arrived in Lakeland in the 1870s and the city expanded in the 1880s with the advent of rail services. Lakeland is home to the 1.267-acre Circle B Bar Reserve.
Video Lakeland, Florida
History
Timeline
Prehistoric
The Paleo Indians first reached the central Florida area towards the end of the last ice age, as they followed the big game in the south. As the ice melts and the sea level rises, the Native Americans end up living and growing on the peninsula for thousands of years. By the time the first Spanish invaders arrived, more than 250,000 Native Americans lived on the peninsula. The first few tribes were Tocobago, Timucua, and Calusa. In 1527, a map of Spain showed settlements near Rio de la Paz. The arrival of Spain turned into a disaster for these Native Americans. In 150 years, most Native Americans Americans in Florida have been destroyed. Those who are not stricken with diseases such as smallpox or yellow fever are killed or enslaved. Little remains of the first Native American culture in Polk County except for a few archaeological records, including some private artifacts and shell mounds. Eventually, the remnants of these tribes joined the Indian Creek that had arrived from the north and became the Seminole Indian tribe.
Initial history
Florida became a state in 1845, and Polk County was founded in 1861. After the American Civil War, a county seat was established in Lakeland's southeast at Bartow. While much of Polk County's early history centered on two towns of Bartow and Fort Meade, eventually, people entered areas in the northern Polk District and began settling in areas that became Lakeland.
Lakeland was first established in the 1870s and began to develop when the tracks reached the area in 1884. It was founded January 1, 1885. The city was founded by Abraham Munn (resident of Louisville, Kentucky), who bought 80 hectares (320,000 m 2 ) land in what is now downtown Lakeland in 1882 and set the ground for the city in 1884. Lakeland was named for many lakes near the city's location.
In April 1898, the Spanish-American War began and began a crucial point in the development of Lakeland. While the war ended quickly and had little impact on most nations, the Florida peninsula was used as a launching point for war and then the small town of Lakeland housed more than 9,000 troops.
The Florida blast resulted in the construction of many important structures in Lakeland, a number that are now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The list includes Terrace Hotel, New Florida Hotel (Tower Regency, current Lake Mirror Tower), Polk Theater, Frances Langford Promenade, Polk Museum of Art (not a product of the 1920s boom), Park Trammell Building (formerly Lakeland Public Library) and today the Lakeland Chamber of Commerce), and others. The city also has several historic districts that have many large buildings built during the 1920s and 1940s. The Cleveland Indians held spring training there from 1923 to 1927 at Henley Field Ball Park. The park was developed around Lake Mirror including Barnett Children's Park, Hollis Park, and most recently, Allen Kryger Park.
The period of "boom" went "bust" quickly, and years passed before the city recovered. Part of the reappearance was due to the arrival of the Detroit Tigers in 1934 for spring training. The Tigers still practice at Lakeland's Joker Marchant Stadium and have a team of Class A Florida State League town, Lakeland Flying Tigers. In the mid-1930s, the Job Progress Administration built the Lakeland City Airport.
In 1938, President of Florida Southern College, Ludd Spivey, invited architect Frank Lloyd Wright to design "a great educational temple in Florida." Wright worked on this project for over 20 years because Spivey found a way to fund it and find construction workers during World War II. Wright's original plan summoned 18 structures, totally designing 30, but only 12 were completed. Wright's textile block motifs are widely used on campus, and the concrete blocks he uses require restoration.
Wright named the Child of the Sun project, describing his buildings in South Florida as "from the ground, into the light, a child from the sun." It is the largest single-site collection of Frank Lloyd Wright buildings in the world, and attracts 30,000 visitors annually. In 1975, the "Florida Southern Architectural District" was added to the National Register of Historic Places. In 2012, the Wright campus is designated a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service.
World War II
At the start of World War II, the Lakeland School of Aeronautics - headquartered at Lakeland Municipal Airport recently built - became part of a national network of civil aviation schools ordered for war effort by the United States Air Force.
Between 1940 and 1945, more than 8,000 Air Force and Army Air Force Corps were trained in two Stearman PT-17 and PT-13 biplanes seats at school (renamed Lodwick School of Aeronautics in the middle of this period).
From June 1941 to October 1942, 1,327 British Royal Air Force cadets trained at the Lakeland facility.
The Lodwick School of Aeronautics closed in 1945. The airport ceased operations in 1960; the site later became the venue for the Detroit Tigers baseball complex "Tiger Town".
Maps Lakeland, Florida
Geography and climate
According to the US Census Bureau, the city has an area of ​​67 m² (173.5 km 2 ), where 45.84 million mi (118.7 km 2 ) is ground and 5.61Ã, sqÃ, mi (14.5 km 2 ) (10.90%) covered by water. Lakeland is located in the Central Florida Plateau of the Atlantic coastal plains, with terrain composed of plains interspersed with quiet hills.
Lake
The dominant feature in Lakeland is the many lakes in the city. Thirty-eight lakes were named, with a number of other unnamed water bodies, mostly phosphate mines that eventually filled with water. The largest is Lake Parker, which measures 2,550 hectares (10.3 km 2 ). Many Lakeland cultures revolve around many lakes, and many people use the lake as a reference point in the same way people in other cities use the road as a reference point, such as "I live near Beulah Lake." In addition to Lake Parker, some of the more prominent lakes in the Lakeland area are Lake Hollingsworth, Lake Morton, Lake Mirror, and Lake Gibson.
Geese is one of the most visible features on Lakeland lake. They have a long history, the first geese appeared around 1923. In 1954, the goose was lost, eradicated by crocodiles and pets. A Lakeland resident who mourns the death of the goose writes to Queen Elizabeth. The royal family allows the capture of two royal swans, and the swans now on the Lakeland lake are the descendants of the kingdom swan sent by the queen.
In July 2006, Scott Lake, one of the city's lakes, was almost completely drained by a group of exhaust pits. The lake is then partially refilled.
Climate
Lakeland, like most other parts of northern Florida Lake Okeechobee, is in the humid subtropical zone (Climatic classification KÃÆ'¶ppen: Cfa ). Typically, hot and humid summers with high temperatures rarely fall below 90 ° F and 70 ° F to low overnight. Like most Central Florida, afternoon thunderstorms are the norm throughout the summer. Winter in Lakeland is drier and lighter, with the sky often bright. High temperatures range below the 70s during the day, with lows in the 50s. The fall of cold temperatures falls below freezing every few years.
Government and politics
Lakeland is governed by a six-member city council. Four members were elected from the districts; the other two are widely chosen. Mayor elected.
Mayor
The town of Lakeland was founded on 1 January 1885. The mayor is one of seven members of the City Commission, acting as chairman of the board and performing most of the ceremonial and procedural duties beyond the other six powers. Prior to 1988, the City Commission selected the mayor of Lakeland from its members. The mayor can be on the board for up to 12 years in a lifetime, or 16 years in combination with holding regular commission positions. Since 1988, the mayor was elected by the townspeople.
Law enforcement
Officer killed while on duty
Lakeland made national headlines on September 28, 2006, when Polk County Sheriff's Deputy Vernon "Matt" Williams and K-9's Diogi were shot and killed after a routine traffic stop in the Wabash area of ​​Lakeland. More than 500 police officers from various law enforcement agencies joined in the search for Angilo Freeland, who was suspected of killing Williams and then stealing his weapon.
Freeland was found hiding in the countryside the next morning. Nine officers from five different law enforcement agencies surrounded Freeland and shot him when he lifted Williams's stolen gun at them. A total of 110 shots were fired and Freeland was beaten 68 times, killing him instantly. Various investigations concluded that the use of force by officers is justified. The Williams and Diogi representatives were laid on October 3, 2006, after a funeral that included an hour and 45 minute procession to Auburndale.
On December 18, 2011, Lakeland Police Officer Arnulfo Crispin was shot and killed after he stopped five young men while on a routine patrol. Crispin is 25 years old, and an 18-month-old veteran. Kyle Williams was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison.
Unit police dog
The Lakeland Police Department is recognized to have one of the best trained dog units in the United States. At the annual USPCA Dog Police Field Court - the largest police dog competition in the United States - Lakeland police dog "Nox" took first place in 2015, "Bruno" took first place in 2012 and 2013, and "Charief" took second place in the year 2009 and 2011.
Breach
In October 2010, Officer Rawn Haynes was arrested and accused of negligence for having left weapons in the car with two young boys. One of the boys found a gun and shot the boy in his hand. Officer Haynes was suspended for payment after his arrest.
In June 2011, Sergeant Steven Sealy was suspended from the department for allegedly interfering with police investigation Lieutenant Ralph Schrader. Schrader has been convicted in January 2010 following his ex-wife.
In July 2013, the county attorney released a report that "discloses an extraordinary amount of sexual behavior committed both on duty and off duty" with a single woman. As a result of the report, an assistant head of the pension department while five officers were placed in various modified forms of duty. "Do members of your department focus more on the important responsibility of law enforcement, rather than pursuing sexual encounters with a civilian analyst, LPDs may not be in the current state", the report concludes. Sergeant Rusty Longaberger and David Woolverton were dismissed for inappropriate behavior, failure to report offenses, and neglect of duties.
At the end of January 2014, the State Prosecutor's Office investigated the department's recruitment practices for alleged improper handling of the 2012 job application of Chief Lisa Womack's nephew. The head has announced he will leave his position on May 1, 2014. He was placed on administrative leave in January 2014. A member of the city council, Justin Troller, commented, "Let's pay and continue."
Demographics
In 2010, 48,218 households were in the city, with 15.5% being vacant. In 2000, 23.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 13.7% had unmarried female households present, and 39% were individuals and non-traditional families. Approximately 32.9% of all households are individual, and 14.9% have someone living alone 65 or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the 2010 census, the city was 20.9% Black or African American, 70.8% White, 0.3% Native Americans, 1.8% Asian, 0.1% Native, and 2.7% were two or more races. 12.6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino.
In 2000, the urban population spread by 21.4% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.0% aged 65 years or older. The average age is 40 years. For every 100 females, there are 86.8 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 82.1 men.
In 2000, the average income for households in the city was $ 16,119, and for the family was $ 17,468. Men have an average income of $ 14,137 compared to $ 9,771 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 15,760. Approximately 47% of families and 35% of the population are below the poverty line, including 97% of those under the age of 18 and 9% of those aged 65 and older. In 2008-2012, per capita income was $ 23,817 and average household income was $ 40,284. People below the poverty line in 2008-2012 are 17.5% according to the US Census.
Language
In 2000, those who speak English only at home accounted for 91% of all residents, while 9% spoke other languages ​​at home. The most significant are Spanish speakers composed of 6.4% of the population, while Germany emerged as the most spoken language, reaching 0.8%, and the fourth French, with 0.5% of the population.
Religion
In 1913, the Wolfson family arrived from Lithuania and became the first Jewish settlers in the area. After several struggles, the Jewish community in Lakeland flourished and the first synagogue, Temple Emanuel opened in 1932. The Jewish Study Institute Rohr presents classes and seminars at Lakewood in partnership with Chabad of Lakeland.
Lakeland is home to one of the first Hindu temples in the United States, Swaminarayan Hindu Temple.
In 1994, the first and only mosque was founded. It's called the Aisha Mosque, but is now called the Lakeland Islamic Center. It was renovated in 2011. It is on the corner of Providence and Orange Blossom.
Christianity forms the largest religious group in Lakeland. In 2013, an estimated 300 churches with addresses in the city.
Economy
Lakeland is the largest city on Interstate 4 between Orlando and Tampa. The major industries in the Lakeland region are the mining of oranges, cows, and phosphates. In recent decades, tourism, medicine, insurance, transportation, and music have become increasingly important.
Oranges grown date back to early settlers who planted trees in the area in the 1850s. After a series of freezes in the northern region of Polk County, the area became a focal point for grapefruit growing in Florida. Although oranges are no longer the largest industry in the region, oranges still play a major role in the Lakeland and Polk County economies.
Phosphate mining is still important for the Lakeland economy, although most of the mining is now farther south. The Bone Valley produces 25% of the US phosphate supply.
Lakeland's biggest entrepreneur is Publix Supermarket. Publix is ​​one of the largest regional wholesale chains in the United States with over 1,000 stores across South America. Publix employs over 6,500 people in the Lakeland area including headquarters and warehouse employees.
Lakeland is a transportation hub. The FedEx Freight and FedEx and Saddle Creek Corporation services employ more than 600 people in the area. Other large businesses in the region include Amazon, GEICO, Rooms To Go, and Lakeland Regional Medical Center.
Culture
Historical district
Buildings and locations
Media
Polk County is inside the Tampa Bay television market. Charter Spectrum is a cable television franchise serving Lakeland, which offers most of the television stations from the Tampa Bay market, as well as WFTV, an ABC affiliate from Orlando. WMOR-TV, an independent television station, was licensed to Lakeland, with his studio in Tampa and his transmitter at Riverview.
Lakeland and Polk County are in their own radio market. Local radio stations include:
WLLD 94.1 FM is licensed to Lakeland, but has a broader focus in the Tampa Bay area, with studios in St. Petersburg. Petersburg. WKES 91.1 FM is also licensed to Lakeland as part of the Florida Moody Radio network across the state, with studios at Seminole, near St. Louis. Petersburg. Most major stations from Tampa Bay and some from Orlando are also available.
The print media includes The Ledger , a local newspaper owned by Halifax Media Group. Patterson Jacobs Media Group publishes a magazine, The Lakelander .
Popular culture
In 1990, Lakeland made its Hollywood debut when the Southgate Shopping Center was featured in the movie Edward Scissorhands. It was also used in the filming of Judd Nelson Endure . The classroom from Florida Southern College was used in Adam Sandler's comedy, The Waterboy.
Transportation
Since Lakeland is the largest city on Interstate 4 between Tampa and Orlando, it is an important transportation hub. The county's nickname, Imperial Polk County, was created because of major bond issues in 1914 allowing a wide road between Polk County cities.
The major highways and highways in Lakeland today are:
- Interstate 4 is a major interstate in central Florida connecting Tampa, Lakeland, Orlando and Daytona Beach.
- The Polk Parkway, or SR 570, is a tolling beltway around Lakeland, with both ends ending on Interstate 4. Although its shape, location, and highway make it impractical as a "bypass" path, it is useful as a way to go from city to other cities and provide access to I-4 from most cities.
- US 92, following Memorial Boulevard for most cities, is the route to Tampa and Orlando before I-4 is built; US 92 is still the main road to Plant City to the west, and Auburndale, Winter Haven, and Haines City head east.
- US 98, south, follow Bartow Road and head to Bartow, county seat. Heading north out of town, he provides a route to Dade Town.
- State Road 33, following most of the countryside, provides access to Lake County and the Florida Turnpike.
- State Road 37, following Florida Avenue, the main north-south route in Lakeland, is also the main road leading south to Mulberry.
- State Road 540, Winter-Lake Road, is in southern Lakeland, leading to Winter Haven and Legoland Florida.
Bicycle route
In recent years, the Lakeland region has developed a number of paved multi-purpose bike routes, including the Lake-To-Lake Lane, which runs from Lake Parker through the city center, past several lakes, ending on Lake John. Other routes include the University Trail, which links Polk State College to Florida Polytechnic University, and Fort Fraser Trail, which runs along US Highway 98 from Polk State College to Highway 60 in Bartow.
Public transport
Education
28 primary schools, seven high schools, five traditional high schools, and three magnet-selected secondary schools in the Lakeland area run by the Polk District School Board.
Traditional high school
High School Magnet
National public high school
Magnetic middle school
Charter School
Private school
Colleges and universities
A number of opportunities exist for higher education around the Lakeland area. Southeastern University is the largest university in the area, with approximately 2800 registrations. Southeastern is affiliated with the Assemblies of God. Florida Southern College, founded in 1883 and with the current registration of over 2000, is on Lake Hollingsworth. Florida Southern is home to Frank Lloyd Wright's world's largest single site architecture collection. In July 2008, the Lakeland University of South Florida campus was granted partial autonomy by Governor Charlie Crist and became Florida Polytechnic University. Florida Polytechnic (FLPoly) is just inside the Lakeland northeast border at the I-4 and Polk Parkway junctions. They also have several administrative offices on the campus of Polk State College on Winter Lake Road. FLPoly is focused on STEM degree programs, such as engineering and computer science. Both Everest University and Keizer University, two multisite universities, are accredited, have locations in Lakeland. Traviss Career Center is a vocational school. Webster University offers a regional accredited graduate degree program in business and counseling at Lakeland Metropolitan Campus
Sports
Stadium
The Joker Marchant Stadium, north of the city center, hosts spring training for the Detroit Tigers, as well as their MacLang Flying Tigers-A Florida State League class and the league's small league football team GCL Tigers Football League rookie-league.
RP Funding Center is also home to three indoor sports teams. The Lakeland Magic is a basketball team that plays in the NBA G League and is an affiliate of the Orlando Magic. The Florida Tarpon is an indoor soccer team playing in the American Arena League after moving from Estero, Florida. The Florida Tropics SC is an indoor football team that plays in Major Arena Soccer League. The Tropical organization also operates an outdoor team, Lakeland Tropics, which competes in the Premier Development League.
History of sports teams in Lakeland
In the 1980s, the Lakeland Center briefly hosted an indoor version of the Tampa Bay Rowdies football team. The Lakeland Center also hosts several hockey teams, the Lakeland Ice Fighters, Lakeland Prowlers, and Lakeland Loggerheads. The United States Basketball League once had a team here also called Lakeland Blue Ducks. Sun 'n Fun is home to Lakeland derby's only Lakeland derby roller, Lakeland Derby Dames; However, the team was dissolved in November 2015.
The Lakeland Center also hosts the state basketball finals of the High School Athletic Association in Florida.
Famous people
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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