Fayetteville ( ) is a town in Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States. This is the county seat of Cumberland County, and best known as the Fort Bragg house, a major US Army installation in the northwest of the city.
Fayetteville has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League three times. At the 2010 census it had a population of 200,564, with an estimated population of 204,408 by 2013. This is the 6th largest city in North Carolina. Fayetteville is in the Sandhills in the western part of the Coastal Plain region, on the Cape Fear River.
With an estimated population in 2013 of 210,533 people, the Fayetteville metropolitan area is the largest in southeastern North Carolina, and the fifth largest in the state. The suburbs of Fayetteville metro include Fort Bragg, Hope Mills, Spring Lake, Raeford, Pope Field, Rockfish, Stedman and Eastover. The mayor of Fayetteville is Mitch Colvin, who served his first term.
Video Fayetteville, North Carolina
Histori
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The Fayetteville region is currently historically inhabited by various Native American Siouan tribes, such as the Eno, Shakori, Waccamaw, Keyauwee, and Cape Fear tribes. They follow a sequential culture of other indigenous peoples in the area for more than 12,000 years.
After the violent upheavals of the Yamasee and Tuscarora Wars Wars during the second decade of the 18th century, the North Carolina colonies pushed British settlements along the Cape Fear River, the only fully navigable waterway within the colony. Two inland settlements, Cross Creek and Campbellton, were founded by the Scots from Campbeltown, Argyll and Bute, Scotland.
Merchants in Wilmington want a town on the Cape Fear River to secure trade with the border country. They are afraid that people will use the Pee Dee River and transport their goods to Charleston, South Carolina. Traders buy land from Newberry at Cross Creek. Campbellton became a place where poor whites and blacks were free to live, and gained a reputation for lawlessness.
In 1783, Cross Creek and Campbellton were united, and the new city was incorporated as Fayetteville in honor of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, a French military hero who significantly assisted American troops during the war. Fayetteville is the first city to be named in his honor in the United States. Lafayette visited the city on March 4 and 5, 1825, during a major tour of the United States.
American Revolution
The locality was inhabited by Scottish residents in the mid/late 1700s, and most of them were Gaelic highlands. Most Highland Scots, new immigrants, remain loyal to the British government and unite with the call to call from the Governor of the Kingdom. Nonetheless, they were eventually defeated by a greater Revolutionary force in the Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge. The area also includes a number of active revolutionaries.
At the end of June 1775, the population compiled the "Liberty Point Resolution," which preceded the Declaration of Independence with little more than a year. That said,
"This obligation to continue in full force until reconciliation will take place between Britain and America, based on constitutional principles, an event we most want, and we will detain all those who are against the freedom of the colony, who will refuse to subscribe to this Association, and we shall in all respects follow the advice of our General Committee to respect the above-stated objectives, the preservation of peace and order, and the security of personal and private property. "
Robert Rowan, who seemed to organize the group, which was signed first.
Robert Rowan (about 1738-1798) was one of the leading public figures in the region in the 18th century. A trader and entrepreneur, he settled in Cross Creek in the 1760s. He served as an officer in the French and Indian War, as a sheriff, justice and legislator, and as a Patriot leader in the cause of the Revolutionary War. Rowan Street and Rowan Park in Fayetteville and the local chapter of the Daughters of American Revolution were named for him, though Rowan County (founded in 1753) was named for his uncle, Matthew Rowan.
Flora MacDonald (1722-1790), a Highland Scot woman who was known for helping Bonnie Prince Charlie after the defeat of the Highlander forces at Culloden in 1746, lived in North Carolina for about five years. He is a faithful Loyalist and helps her husband to raise local Scots to fight for the King against the Revolution.
City Seventy One in the western part of Cumberland County (now part of Fayetteville) was named for the British regiment during the American Revolution - the 71st Leg Regiment or the "Fraser Highlands", as they were first called.
Post-revolution
Fayetteville has what is sometimes called the "golden decade" during the 1780s. It was a site in 1789 for a state convention that ratified the US Constitution, and for a General Assembly session chartering the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Fayetteville lost to the future city of Raleigh in an effort to become the capital of a permanent state.
In 1793, Fayetteville Independent Light Infantry was formed and still active as a ceremonial unit. This is the second oldest militia unit in the country.
Henry Evans (ca. 1760-1810), a free black preacher, is known locally as "Father of Methodism" in the area. Evans is a shoemaker with trade and licensed Methodist ministers. He got opposition from a white man when he began preaching to slaves in Fayetteville, but he later drew the white man into his service. He is credited with building the first church in the city, called the Assembly Building of Africa, in 1796. Evans Metropolitan Church AME Zion is named in his honor.
Antebellum
Fayetteville had 3,500 inhabitants in 1820, but the Cumberland County population still ranks second largest in the state behind New Hanover County (Wilmington). His "Great Fire" in 1831 is believed to be one of the worst in the nation's history, though no lives are lost. Hundreds of homes and businesses and most of the most famous public buildings are missing, including the old "State Building". Fayetteville leaders moved quickly to help the victims and rebuild the city.
The Market House, completed in 1832, became a center of trade and celebration. The structure is built on the ruins of the old State Building. It was the town market until 1906. It served as Fayetteville City Hall until 1907. The City Council was considering adapting the House Market to a local history museum.
Civil War Era and the end of the nineteenth century
In March 1865, General William T. Sherman and his 60,000 troops attacked Fayetteville and destroyed the Confederate arsenal (designed by Scottish architect William Bell). Sherman forces also destroyed the foundry and cotton factories, and the office of The Fayetteville Observer. Not far from Fayetteville, Confederate and Union forces engaged in the final cavalry battle of the Civil War, the Monroe Battle Crossing.
Downtown Fayetteville was the scene of a small battle, when Lieutenant General Wade Hampton and his men surprised a cavalry patrol, killing 11 Union soldiers and arresting a dozen on March 11, 1865.
At the end of the nineteenth century, Fayetteville's white skin adopted Jim Crow and declared the law to enact racial segregation.
the 20th century to the present
The Cumberland County population exploded in the post-World War II years, with the largest 43% increase in the 1960s in one of 100 North Carolina districts. Its construction was fast-paced as shopping and sub-district subdivisions began spreading outside the city limits of Fayetteville to Fort Bragg and Pope Air Force Base. The school systems of Fayetteville and Cumberland County moved towards gradual integration, beginning in the early 1960s; busing brought a wider student integration in the 1970s.
The separation of public facilities continues. Parades and sit-ins during the Civil Rights Movement, with students from Fayetteville State Teachers College (now Fayetteville State University) are at the forefront, leading to the tip of white-only service in restaurants and separate seats in the cinema. Blacks and women acquired a significant number of posts, from the late 1960s onwards to the early 1980s.
The Vietnam era is a time of change in the Fayetteville area. Fort Bragg did not send many large units to Vietnam, but from 1966 to 1970, more than 200,000 soldiers trained in the post before leaving for war. This buildup drives the business area. The anti-war protests in Fayetteville drew national attention because of Fort Bragg, in a city that generally supported the war. The anti-war group invited Jane Fonda's actress and activist to Fayetteville to participate in three anti-war events. At this time, Fayetteville also made headlines after Army physician Jeffrey R. MacDonald killed his pregnant wife and two daughters in Ft. Bragg house in 1970; books and movies Fatal Vision is based on this event.
To combat the spread of suburbanization, Fayetteville has been working to rebuild the city center through various revitalization projects; has attracted major commercial and defense companies such as Purolator, General Dynamics and Wal-Mart Stores and Distribution Centers. Airborne & amp; The Museum of Special Operations, Fayetteville Area Transport Museum, Fayetteville Linear Park, and Fayetteville Festival Park, which opened in late 2006, have added regional attractions to the center.
In the first decade of the 21st century, the towns and rural areas around Fayetteville experienced rapid growth. Suburbs such as Hope Mills, Raeford, and Spring Lake have increased population.
In 2005, Congress passed the Act on Realignment and Closure Base (BRAC), which resulted in several new orders being transferred to Fort Bragg. These included the US Army Command (FORSCOM) and the US Army Command, both moved from Fort McPherson in Atlanta. More than 30,000 people are expected to move into the area with related businesses and families. FORSCOM delivers more than $ 300 billion in contracts annually.
In the November/December 2009 edition of Retirement Places, a magazine called Fayetteville is one of the best places to retire in the United States for military retirement.
In December 2015, Fayetteville launched the Guinness World Record for the largest Christmas stockings, weighing about 1,600 pounds (730 kg), and measuring 74.5 x 139 inches.
Fort Bragg and Pope Army Airfield
Fort Bragg and Pope Army Airfield Field are in the northern part of Fayetteville.
Several US Army air units stationed at Fort Bragg, most notably the XVIII Airborne Corps HQ, 82nd Airborne Division, and US Army Special Operations Command.
Fort Bragg was the home of the Field Artillery at the beginning of World War II. All army artillery units east of the Mississippi River based at the post, about 5,000 people. The army tested the new bantamweight Army car, which was soon known as the Jeep, although most of the power to move the artillery still came from horses and burros. On September 12, 1940, the Army was contracted to expand the post, carrying the 9th Infantry Division to Fort Bragg.
The mission of Pope Field is to provide transport to the American armed forces and to humanitarian missions that are flown around the world. Pope Field specifically provides air transportation for the 82nd Airborne, among other air units at Fort Bragg.
All Pope's fighter squadrons have been transferred to Moody AFB, Georgia. The main entity in the Pope is now an Air Force Reserve, although they still have a small number of active personnel.
In September 2008, Fayetteville annexed 85% Ft. Bragg, bringing the city's population to 206,000. Ft. Bragg maintains his own police, fire and EMS services. Fayetteville hopes to attract large retail businesses to the area by using new population figures.
Community asylum for military families
On September 5, 2008, Cumberland County announced that it was "The First World Asylum for the Army and His Family"; it marked the main streets with a blue and white "Sanctuary" sign. In the area, soldiers should be provided with local services, ranging from free childcare to work placement for military couples.
Five hundred volunteers have signed up to oversee military families. They are recruited to offer one-to-one services; business members will also offer discounts and preferential treatment. Time magazine recognized Fayetteville for his support of military families and identified as "America's Most Pro-Military City".
List of National Historic Places
Maps Fayetteville, North Carolina
Geography
The city limits extend westward to the Hoke boundary. It is bordered to the north by the city of Spring Lake.
According to the US Census Bureau, Fayetteville has a total area of ​​147.7 square miles (382.6 km 2 ), which is 145.8 square miles (377.7 km 2 ) is ground and 1.9 square miles (4.8 km 2 ) is water. The total area is 1.96% water.
Topography
Fayetteville is on the Sandhills of North Carolina, located between the coastal plains of southeast and Piedmont in the northwest. It was built on the Cape Fear River, a 202 km river originating from Haywood and boiling in the Atlantic Ocean. Carver's Falls, 150 feet wide (46 m) and two storey, are in Carver Creek, the tributary Cape Fear, to the northeast of the city limits.
Climate
Fayetteville is located in a humid subtropical climate (Climatic classification zone KÃÆ'¶ppen Cfa ), with most moderate temperatures throughout the year. Winter is mild, but it can become cold with snow that occurs several days per year. Hot summers with humidity levels can cause storms and spontaneous storms. Temperature records range from -5 Â ° F (-21 Â ° C) on 13 February 1899 to 110 Â ° F (43 Â ° C) on August 21, 1983, which is the highest temperature ever recorded in the Northern State. Carolina. On April 16, 2011, Fayetteville was struck by an EF3 tornado during North Carolina's largest tornado outbreak. The surrounding areas such as Sanford, Dunn and Raleigh are also affected.
Demographics
At the 2010 census, there were 200,564 people, 78,274 households, and 51,163 families living in the city. Population density is 1,401 people per square mile (541.1/km ²). There are 87,005 housing units with an average density of 230.3 units/km² (596.3 persons/sqÃ, mi). The racial composition of the city is 45.7% White, 41.9% Black or African American, 2.6% Asian Americans, 1.1% Native Americans, 0.4% Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islands, 3.3% some other races, and 4.9% two races or more. 10.1% of the population is Hispanic or Latino from any race.
There were 78,274 households, of which 36.7% had children under 18 living with them, 41.3% were headed by married couples living together, 19.5% had non-husbands female households, and 34.6% is not family. 28.7% of all households are made up of individuals, and 7.3% are individuals living alone aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45, and the average family size was 3.02.
In cities the population is spread by 25.8% under the age of 18, 14.4% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% 65-year-olds or more. The median age was 29.9 years. For every 100 females, there are 93.6 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 90.5 men.
By 2013, the estimated average annual income for households in the city is $ 44,924, and the average income for families is $ 49,608. Male full-time workers have an average income of $ 37,371 compared to $ 32,208 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 23,362. 18.4% of the population and 16.2% of families are below the poverty line. 27.1% of those under the age of 18 and 9.8% of those aged 65 and older live below the poverty line.
On September 30, 2005, Fayetteville annexed 27 square miles (70 km 2 ) and 46,000 residents. Some affected residents and developers are challenging annexation in court, but ultimately unsuccessful. The exception is the environment of the Four Gates who won his case against annexation despite the annexation of all surrounding neighborhoods.
Religion
Founded in Wade in 1758, Old Bluff Presbyterian Church is one of the oldest churches in the Frightened Valley of Tanjung Hulu. The fourth week of September each year is the annual Old Bluff Reunion; open to the public. Presbyterian Bluff Church maintains a detailed history on its website
Hundreds of houses of worship have been established in and around Cumberland County, including the Catholic Church, Baptist, Pentecostal, Methodist and Presbyterian, which have the largest congregations. Fayetteville is home to Church St. Patrick, the oldest Catholic parish in the state. Fayetteville is also home to the Beth Israel Congregation, formed in 1910 by the Fayetteville Jewish family.
Economy
Fort Bragg is the backbone of the county economy. Fort Bragg and Pope Field pump about $ 4.5 billion a year into the region's economy, making Fayetteville one of the best retail markets in the country. Fayetteville serves as a regional hub for shops, restaurants, services, lodging, health care, and entertainment. Fayetteville has a low unemployment rate with many trained professional workers.
Top entrepreneurs
According to Fayetteville 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top companies in the city are:
Defense industry
The Fayetteville area has a large and growing defense industry and is ranked 5th in the US Defense Industry field for 2008, 2010, 2011 by Expansion Solutions Magazine. Eight out of ten American defense contractors are in the area, including Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, General Dynamics, and L-3 Communications. The city organizes Partnership for Defense Initiatives (PDI), a non-profit organization working with governments, academia, and private industry to develop defense solutions. PDI sponsors a Research and Development Research and Development and Accelerator Technology Defense Security (DSTA), a statewide program to help new companies grow their business and technology and product services to the entire Department of Defense community.
Art and culture
Clubs and organizations
- Women's Club in Fayetteville
Destination
Tempat bersejarah:
- Menara Bordeaux
- Kedai Musim Semi Keren
- Evans Metropolitan AME Zion Church
- Ellerslie Plantation
- The Golden Corral pertama
- Gereja Hay Street United Methodist
- Alun-alun Warisan
- Titik Liberty
- Perkebunan Myrtle Hill
- St. Gereja Katolik Patrick
- Menara Tallywood
Museum:
- Air & amp; Museum of Special Operations
- Fayetteville/Cumberland County Arts Council
- Fascinate-U Children's Museum
- Fayetteville Transport Area and Local History Museum
- Fayetteville Art Museum
- Cape Fear Historic Complex Museum
Parks and recreation:
- Tanjung Takut Botanical Garden
- Tanjung Fear River Trail
- College Lakes Park
- Cross Creek Linear Park
- Freedom Memorial Park
- Jordan Soccer Complex
- North Carolina Veterans Park
Spend:
- Cross Creek Mall
Teater dan arena:
- Teater Rumah Seni Cameo
- Cape Fear Regional Theatre
- Mahkota Coliseum
- Teater Gilbert
Olahraga
* Houston Astros' A-Class Advanced affiliates will play the 2017 and 2018 seasons at Buies Creek while the new stadium is built in downtown Fayetteville. The team will start playing at his new home in Fayetteville starting 2019.
Education
Public schools
The Cumberland County Schools headquarters is located in Fayetteville, and the schools serve all the towns and cities in the area. CCS operates 87 schools, 53 primary schools, 16 secondary schools, 15 secondary schools and 9 Alternative and Special Schools including, 1 year classics, 1 night academy, 1 web academy, and 2 special schools. Cumberland County Schools is the fourth largest state system in the state and the 78th largest in the country.
SMA (grade 9-12)
- Cape Fear High School - School of Agriculture & amp; Academy of Natural Sciences (9 - 12)
- SMA Douglas Byrd - Academy of Finance & amp; Ford Partnership for Further Study (9 - 12)
- Ezekiel Ezra "E.E." Smith High School - Academy of Mathematics & amp; Science and Science of Fire (9 - 12)
- Jack Britt High School - Academy of Integrated Technology Systems and Applied Techniques (9 - 12)
- Pine Forest High School - Academy of Emergency Medical Science & amp; Information Technology (9 - 12)
- SMA Seventy-First - School of Arts (9 - 12)
- SMA Terry Sanford - Academy of Global Studies (9 - 12)
- Westover High School - Academy of Health and Engineering (9 - 12)
- South View High School - International Baccalaureate (9-12)
- Gray's Creek High School - Academy of Information Technology (9-12)
Custom schools
- SMA Massey Hill (9 - 12)
- First Cross Creek Junior High School (9-12)
Private school
- Berean Baptist Academy (Pre-K - 12)
- Fayetteville Academy
- Fayetteville Christian School (Pre-K-12)
- Northwood Temple Academy
- Village Christian Academy
Colleges and universities
- Carolina College of Biblical Studies
- Grace College of Divinity
- Fayetteville State University
- Fayetteville Technical Community College
- Methodist University
- Shaw University Satellite Campus
Media
Television station
- FayTV7 (Spectrum Channel 7) Fayetteville Government Access Channel
Radio station
- 88,3 FM WUAW Multiple Genres
- 88.7 FM WRAE Religious Music
- 89.3 FM WZRI Contemporary Christian Music
- 91.9 FM WFSS Public Radio
- 95.7 WKML FM State
- 96.5 FM WFLB Classic Hits
- 98.1 FM WQSM Top 40
- 99.1 FM WZFX Mainstream Urban (Hip Hop and R & B)
- 102.3 FM WFVL Oldies
- 103.5 FM WRCQ Rock
- 104.5 FM WCCG ​​Urban Contemporary (Hits R & amp; B)
- 105,7 FM WCLN-FM Gospel Music
- 106.9 WMGU Urban Urban Adult Contemporary (Adult's R & amp; B)
- 107.3 â € <â €
- 107.7 FM WUKS Urban Adult Contemporary (Fine R & D)
- 640 AM WFNC News/talk
- 1230 AM WFAY Sports
- 1450 AM WMRV Sports (simulcasts WFAY)
- 1490 AM WAZZ Standards
- 1600 AM WIDU Black Gospel/Talk
- 1690 AM WAXX Big J's Hits Hottest
Infrastructure
Air transport
Fayetteville Regional Airport is served by five regional airlines that provide daily and seasonal passenger services to three major US aviation centers. An additional regional operator and some fixed-base operators offer further services for both passengers and general aviation operations.
- General aviation:
- Flight Landmarks
-
-
- Landmark Aviation provides fixed-base operator services for passengers and general aviation traffic at Fayetteville Regional Airport. The common aviation terminal provides a lobby, pilot lounge, conference room, and flight room with WSI weather computers. Hangar storage and tie connections are also available.
-
- Powell Avionics
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- Powell Avionics provides sales of avionics and airplanes, installations and services. Powell Avionics is a limited fixed-base operator.
- Rogers plane
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- Rogers Aircraft provides repair and maintenance of aircraft.
Highway
- Freeway:
- All American Freeway
- Martin Luther King Jr. Freeway
- Interstate Highway:
- Interstate 95, south and east city limits
- Interstate 95 Business
- Interstate 295 (partially completed)
- State Highway
- N.C. 24
- N.C. 53
- N.C. 59
- N.C. 87
- N.C. 162
- N.C. 210
- US. Highway:
- US. 301
- US. 401
- US. 13: South Terminus US 13 is in Eastover, at the crossroads with I-95 and I-295.
Public transport
The Fayetteville Area System of Transit (FAST) serves the Fayetteville and Spring Lake areas, with ten bus routes and two shuttle routes. QUICK operates thirteen fixed bus routes within the city of Fayetteville. Service is between 5:45 and 10:30 on weekdays, with hours reduced on Saturdays and no Sunday services. Most of the routes begin and end at the Transfer Center at 147 Old Wilmington Road in Fayetteville. Other transfer points are located at University Estates, Cross Creek Mall, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bunce and Cliffdale Rds, and Cape Fear Valley Medical Center.
Passenger Rail
Despite Fayetteville's modest ranking as the 106th largest city in the US, with a population of about 204,000, Fayetteville has received many awards and top recognition as a desirable location, due to economic and housing growth and its dependence on Fort Bragg.
- # 1 "Jobs Market in the Country" for recent college graduates, The Daily Beast.
- # 2 "The Highest Income Growth Per Capita in North Carolina", goes beyond Raleigh and Charlotte, the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
- # 3 "The Most Affordable Housing Market in the Interior, Businessweek Magazine
- # 3 "Groundwork Market", Manpower, Inc.
- # 5 "The Strongest Housing Market in the US", Bloomberg Businessweek.
- # 7 "America's Strongest Building Market", Business Week .
- 5 Great for Defense Industry Development in the US for 2010, Expansion Solution Magazine.
- # 14 "Top 25 Most Unique Towns and Cities", Newsmax magazine (2009)
- # 18 "Best Performing Town in America", Milken Institute.
Other awards include:
- 3-Time Winner of the National Civics League "All-American City" award in 2011
- United States First Army Reserve
Your sister city
Saint-Avold, Moselle, Grand Est, France
References
Source
- Read, George. Juggling Crisis: Racism and Civil Rights in Southern Military City (Rutgers University Press; 2010) 196 pages. An ethnographic study of urban politics and racial tension at Fort Bragg and Fayetteville.
- Fenn, Elizabeth A.; Watson, Harry L.; Nathans, Sydney; Clayton, Thomas H.; Wood, Peter H. (2003). Joe A. Mobley, ed. The Way We Live in North Carolina . University of North Carolina Press.
- Meyer, Duane (2007). The Highland Scots of North Carolina, 1732-1776 . Matthew Burris University.
- Oates, John (1981). The Story of Fayetteville and Cape Fear over . Fayetteville Woman's Club.
External links
- Travel Guide Fayetteville, North Carolina from Wikivoyage
- Official website
- Fayetteville-Cumberland County Chamber of Commerce
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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